Engine.



A. BURKHARDT.y

ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED luNE 30, m3.

Patented Aug. 10, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

72 Mmmwd WITNESSES:

ATTORNEY.

cuLuMBlA PLANOGRAPM c0..\w\slnx\m'roNY D, c.

A. BURKHARDT.

ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED IuNEao. m3.

. WITNESSES:

ATTORNEY.

coLuMDIA PLIINoGRApI-I C0.. WASHINGTON. nA L,

.ALllilXl'lNDERTBURKI-lAiltD'illyJ A'0F INDIANAPOLIS', -INDIANAJOriginaI application filed January 31, 1912, SeralNf'o. 674,50?"Diiiii'faiithisfapgletilon jfiled"JuneSOs HAnD'r; a citizen of "the"United-f States; ref4 siding' at Indianapolis;y `tluey county' offMarion and State lof Indiana; 'have invent edfa new andfuseiul Engine ofwhich? f the following is specification; fre'ference being: 't had fitotliefaooo-inaa-nying: drawingsl and to" therlettere fandl libures `fof'freferenoefmarked tliereon. p y

This l invention relates* to f stationary en gines;y morev especiallytol engines -ltlilat may" bei 'adaptedfto' fuse steam7Afcloinpressed-'lair or*` explosive mixture@ as the "motive force;v the*inventionI4 haring: reference' "mere'* particulalrl'i7 toContrfelling"valvesi for@ the motive-V Anf object ol'tliefinventiiwisf'to provvide ff an" improved :I engine* of sueln oonstruotion as tobe' adapted -1' tol 'bef-'variously'f modified foi" various uses; andespecially adapted 1 to be oonstrueted iin? 'small 'sizes; ,anotherobject being to provide improved explosive engine 'valves andoperating-'mechanism'therefor:

TheI invention-F comprises* certain l novel` features offe'onstruetion'l with respect 1- to valvegearingfandL correlated`elements of en# gines; and'novel'lpa'rts "and CombinationsTfari'angements l'of partey a's hereinafter patrticularly described andfu'rther pointed 'f out iny 'the appended volaim's.'

Referring to thedrawings, iFigure lisfan" elevation 'ofthe' improvedengine in' its most simple form; Figil 2;' aftop vplan'.tliereof;`

Fig. ia-l1orizontal sectionE approximately' one' of vtli'e mainzexhaust'l valves ofi the f 'en'-t gine; Figf 5, a fragmentary-vertioallsection' approximately on*1 the"c linef lB "Bl fin *Figi l i'A Figi 6,'a vertieal'fseot'ion"approximately on' tbe line C C iii-*Figi21;'Figs@-afperspeotivef' view 'of one' of tlie parts* ofthe valvemeehf-f anism: Fig? 8,1 al fragmentaryf vertical" seo# tion" also'onitlie #line 'C C on@an'enlarged`lr In" the' 'differenti figitresf-fof tliey drawings like@ reierenee ch aracters indieateflik'eele ments orfeatures of f Construction llierein re# ferrediftof p f Asuitable*main`\y frame is provided vvhilr f preferably is v Composed'off tivo lsimilari' base' f 5 5 sections rl and- 1l and ltwo topseo'tionsf' 2 and 3, all' lthe' 'sections beinfg suitably'- bolted ftor" getlier;v The* top sections have outwardly extendingfshelf#portions"4= and 5y respeo tively and '5 constitute' `ortions of fthetop4 of f 60 tlife-rame''wliiehf lis designed Eto 1fornuf af fiat table''upon 'which ai suitable 'numbers oi,7V cyl-` indersy are *secured inffupright f position; tlfi'ef' traine'y f ag? illustrated' f being:designed to ae`` f eomni@dateftwofieylinders6 x an'dG of identiel "65ealfr construction: which" are secured upon tli'e' table;:beiiigffpartially uponfftheshelf por-U tions-1thereof,"` fthf flowerends fof the* -cyli'ne ders f beingl open; the'x table .f having`su-itable openingrsftherein 'foorrespondingftovthe bores 7 0 ofv thecylinde'rsff- The Y`two cylindersy have? cylindriealexhaust bexesv?Yand?? thereon# respectively that f are preferably east finte'-l grallylwith Ithe cylinders,"tlieieylinders hav; ing' fupperfli'eads A18/*andf8" resp'e'eti'vely; tlie 75 valv'efboxes" having-f' beads 9 'and' f 9"respee# tively:

The main frame-illustrated f isl a modifiea'tionwof tlieframe describedkand '(zlairned' inl my'pe'ndn'gf applioationwfor- Letters "Pat-Y 80ent,y filed January 31, 1912;' Serial No.1y 674,506; of whichthis-isa"divisional 'appli/ cationfor Letters: Patent;` The' frame' andthegearing l therein Will therefore be` onlyf breyf .referred to:`

Fonthepurposes of the' present invention j tlie'unain frame issuitablyboredv out? and' hastvv'o large-bushings'lO and l0" inserted"and' secured therein',2 and two journal boxes 1l and Il" areseeuredintlie tivo bushings 90 respe'otivelygV Two other'fbushings 12 "and 12"which serveas'journal boxes aresecured alsoin the` frame adjacent? tothe bushings l0"andl0".` main shaftIL 18-is rotatably inountedin tlejournal boxesfll and 11, 95 and two crank viheelgi- 14: -and 14 aresecured to opposite end portions "off the .fmain shaft'- andvareffprovidedf respeetivelyf with? erank pinsel yand"y 15";A?pi'tinan''16fisy connected"` tfthe'eranlrrpin' 15'; anotherpitmlainltlbel' `100 ing-:Connected yto thyefor'ank pinff15". The tvvocylindersr'andf" have pistons'l' andy l 17 therein respectively, the pistons bein@connected respectively to the pitmen 16 and 16. 'A toothed gear wheel 18is fixedly secured to thegmain shaft 13 betweenvthe journal boxes 11 and11. A counter-shaft 19 is rotatably mounted in the journal boxes 12 and12 and hasy a pinion or gear wheelr 20 of suitable diameter securedthereto, that is in mesh with the wheel 18, the countershaft extendingoutward beyond one of the journal boxes for transmitting power." Twocasing plates 21 and 22 are secured to opposite sides of the main frameand have offset portions 23 and 24 respectively that conform to the.shelf portions 4 and 5.

The two cylinders 6 and 6 illustrated as being suflicient for anunderstanding of the invention, have fuel supply boxes 25 and 25 upontheir respective heads,the heads having bushings 26 and 26 thereinrespectively, and inlet valves 27 and 27 are seated in the lower ends ofthe bushings so as to open inwardly into the cylinders, the valves beingprovided with controlling stems 28 and 28 respectively which are guidedin heads 29 and 29 removably inserted in the upper portions of the wallsof the supply boxes, the heads being suitably recessed in their outersides, and a spring 30 is seated in each 3o .recess and has contact witha ypin 31 secured in the stem. The stem-s and the springs are covered bymeans of caps 32 and 32 removably connected to the two headsrespectively. The valves may be opened either by suction ofthe enginepistons or by means of fluid pressure in the supply box and are closed,when not forced open, by means of the springs. The exhaust valve boxes 7and 7 extend from the lower ends of the cylinders upward to the plane ofthe cylinder heads. Theheads 9 and 9 of the valve boxes have cylindricalvalve chests 33 and 33 thereon respectively, the bore of each valvechest extending through the head, and the ends of i the valve chestshave removable caps 34 and 34 thereon in which are vent holes 35 and35.- The valve chests have ports 36 and 36 1 in the walls thereof1extending from the ports of the chests tothe interior of the ady jacentfuel supply boxes. The wall of each exhaust valve box has a vent hole 37therein adjacent to the head of the box. Each valve chest has an inletport 38 therein that is opposite to the port 33 or 33 and has a supplypipe 39 or 39 connected therewith through which. to conduct explosivemixture, compressed air, or suitable fluid as a medium for producingpower to actuate the pistons of the engine. The two cylinders have main60 exhaust ports 40 and 40 respectively that extend through the walls ofthe cylinders to the kadjacent'exhaust valve boxes, the position of eachport being near the lower end ofthe cylinder so that it shall be` openedwhen the piston descends to the end of the cylinder on its downwardstroke, the upper portions of the cylinders being provided respectivelywith auxiliary exhaust ports 41 and 41 that are relatively near thecylinder heads and alford communication Vbetween the cylinders and theexhaust valve boxes. The wall of each exhaust valve box has an outletopening 42 therein, and preferably two exhaust pipes 43 and 43 areconnected with the outlet openings of the two boxes and also with arelatively larger discharge pipe 44.

The two exhaust valve boxes 7 and 7 have annular main exhaust valves 45and 45 therein that are adapted to close the exhaust ports 40 and 40,respectively, but are employed more. particularly for another purposewhich will further appear, the valves eing of cylindrical or piston formand having central openings 46 and 46 therein respectively. Cylindricalauxiliary lexhaust valves 47 `and, 47 are movably arranged in the upperportion of the exhaust valve boxes and have downwardly extendingtruncated extensions 48 and 48 thereon having smooth bores 49 and 49respectively that extend through the valves. Two connecting rods 50 and50 are suitably secured to' each exhaust valve 45 or 45 and also to theopposite auxiliary exhaust valve 47 or 47', the L.

rods being of the required length so as to move the auxiliary exhaustyvalve and close the auxiliary exhaust port when'the main exhaust valvecloses the mainexhaust port.

' Check valves 51 and 51 .are normally seated upon the main exhaustvalves 45 and45 so as to close the openingsv therein respectively, andare guided on the rods 50 and 50 so as to move away from the valvesuntil stopped lby collars 52 and 52 secured to the rods,jthe checkvalvesbeing adapted to prevent exhaust gases from passing down through themain exhaust valves and main exhaust ports and through the cylinders tothe atmosphere when the pistons are above the main exhaust ports. Twoconnecting rods 53 and 53 are secured to each main exhaust valve, as 45,and extend downwardly and are secured to a cylindricalhead 54 or 54 thatis movable in the lower portion of the exhaust valve box to prevent-ftheexhaust gases from escaping out ofthe exhaust valve box, the movableheads vhaving cylindrical truncated extensions 55 and 55 respectivelywhich serve as packing boxes and that have smooth bores 56 and 56therein that extend through the heads. Each of said heads have two rods57 and 57 secured thereto on opposite sides of the truncated extensionsfor operating and controlling the heads and valves connected therewith.lTwo bracket heads 58 and 58 are suitably secured to the main frame andhave guide arms 59 and 59 and also guide arms 60 and 60 respectivelythrough whichthe rods 57 and 57 movably be supportedl `or stopped'in'their downward` movement', the plungers",4 however', being @Ui iextend-','f-the lower portionsfof'the*t 'rodsl having* enlargedextensions "1 constituting -1` plun-"f gers 61 'and 61 that* are'directly',y guided in= thei farms' "59 '01""59,y The? plungers f havecol- ^la`rs` 691 and 62'-1 thereongg respectively oni whichfsprings 63ian'dflf" areseate'd-,f the springsf'being'under 'compression incontaetA withi the guide armi '60f 01H60 for projecting theplunge'rsdownwardf Valve rods G'and extendit l upward through the movable f'heads' andL also-'ff through ithei ymaini exhaust valvesk fandethecheelivalves thereon,y thence up# wardA1 through vfth'elauxiliary exhaust valves Aand their packing` box'esfand 'thenoelinto thevalve l"chests fand 83"' respectively; and/have thereto respectively'that EareV4` adapted tonor#y m'alilyclose-the ports '136 and 3G andalsofthe` yopposite:portsrS; Piston heads IBG-and 66 are securedytofthe' yrods al suitable distance" belw'tthewalves; so aste preventHuid from@ escaping f intofthe exhaust val-ve' boxes when 1'thei'inlet'val-ves "open" the ports 385y the/piss r tonsbeing-Jttedniovablyinthe boresof'ithe# valve chestsy Theffro'dsrl andtlhave'alse'r pistonf heads '67vand1A 67 secured 'theret'o' re`rspectively that* aremovably ittedini the bores l-9 and 49410preventfthel exhaust' gasesii'roinf escaping` through; `the auxiliaryopenngs'through which the 'reels-6a and 64 opeiilteg and that any other?suitable means for the7 purpose may be substituted' therefor` ifpreferred-- KThellowerfends ofI the rods 64E` and Glff have f" plungers69f and? 69 thereon guide ai-1nv 0h59" between 'the plungers 6l and Gl,and arefp'rovidedwith fixed collars 70 and 70 respectively-on whichsprings 7l and" 7l are seated; respectively, the springs beingi underycompression in i Contact withfthe asrnis l G0 and' 60" respectively ffor ynormally' holdinlfthe valves' G5 rand inf closediposi` tion;j t

The-two crankiwheelsor disks 14] and 14 are provided on their innersides w'itlfcylin` dricz'l guides 72' and 72" respectively on which theplungers of 1the valve rodsmay preferably held' slightly away 'fromy theguides bv means off/their eollarsand the lower' guide arms" 59 and 5,9.

onv respectively that' extend cir-cilinferen# tially," the 4cams beingrvsol placed asfto be y The guides l' 72 and?? haveshortfcams 7 Stand 73"ther'e-y movedk funder and li'ft' @the plungers 69 and 69"y atL theproper periods fort opening f the valvesGS 'and' 65v respectively; andalsofto permit 1 the iplungeers' to descend 2 for closings; theva'fllves` atf the* proper period to correL-`v` spondlwithtlienioveinentoffthe pistons in thefcyliide'rs. The' guides 72and t725 have alsoirel'atively longer circumferential-ly ex-l tendingffcains 74 and '7 Llfthereon 'respectively' that are movable'` periodically". under? the`pliingersf 61 and! 61@ respectively :forl openingr numb rfo'fcylinders'may be ein'phjyed`l` and the pistons thereof operativelyconnected tto-fA gether in various arrangements; and' variousmodifica-tions or equivalent construction In i practical 4'use explosivechargesv are adv' f rshfnild Jbe understood that fany suitable niiet-edxl to theI upper ends of the Ycylinders whilethepistonsare passing!toward the cylinder* heads; thefioha-rfge's being" forced intothefcyllndersfand' exploded under compression- When the pistons"areforcedy e downwardly* by the` explosions` untill the" in'ai'nexhaust'lports areop'ened the exhaust o valve'sar'e mov'edffsoafs'toalso open the main.

exhaust'port and the "auxiliary exhaust port,` theexhai'ist `gasespassing out through* Lthe discharge opening/@hs indicated "byy arrowsr fopen' theJr passage' ffthrough'-fthe main exhaust vaflve." While thepistons are moving' up# ward "the cylinder is sca-venged'by the resiLdue' olf-the gases'passing out throughthek auxiliary exhaust fportA 4lor 4l" untilclosed byil the iauxiliaryvalve el? or 47, 'after which the:charging andgexplosions `are continued;

f The L'olo'vioi'is results' 'otthe operation'o the' engine i will `bel'readily understood from the description off the)y Construction andfunction ofl the variousiparts thfe'res'nffwithout vfurtherrefeiteneefthereto in detail.I

flrlavingzI thus-described the invention7 what is 'claimed as new is--'vy l. n engine/includingnfframe, a crank'- shaft rotatably mounted inthe'frarne', acyl# indei" i'nounted" uprightly upon the frame andhavingacyiihdrical exhaust valve'box thereon 'provided with heads, the'wall of' thecylinder having; two exhaust/ports' there iniextending tothe valvebox,y the wall of the-box having an'outletA opening" therein ona plane between the twoports;twofexhaust i vali'fes movable'in'theibox'to closethe ports, oneoffthe valves being' annular, a rodconneoted toy the' -twoy valves, a check valve yguidedin the "box fortemporarily closingr the"opening'l in the annular valve, a piston pinthe cylinder; and Y'a pitinan'connected to" theypiston and thecranlrshaft.`

' 2.452111 `"ei'i'gine including a frame having ,two gnidesgrashaftrotatablymounted in the fra-me and f previdedrwahf al disk@ and twolos iiol

lli;

ioV

companion cams rotatable with the'shaft, a crank pin secured to thedisk, a cylinder mounted ony the frame and having a cylindrical exhaustvalve box thereon, the cylinder having a head on one end and also a fuelsupply box provided with a valve to admit fuel to vthe cylinder, thewallof the cylinder having a main exhaust port and also an auxiliaryexhaust port therein yextending to thevalve box, an annular mainvexhaust valve and an auxiliary exhaust valve movable in the lexhaustvalve box, two rodsconnected to the main and auxiliary exhaust valves, acheck valve movably mounted on` the rods to close or open the opening ofthe annular main valve, two rods connected to the main exhaust valve andhaving plungers thereon in the path of the two cams respectively, theplungers being guided respectivelyin the two guides, a piston movableyin the cylinder, and a pitman connected to the piston and the crank pin,

' 3. An engine including a frame, a shaft y rotatably mounted intheframe, a disk fixed valve and havingy plungers thereon in the n path ofthe'companion cams, and a rodcconf.

on the shaft and havingthereon ytwo companion cams and also a relativelyshorter cam, the shorter cam being between the planes of movement of thetwo cams, a crank-pin secured to the disk, a cylinder mounted onthe-frame and having a cylindrical exhaust valve box and also a valvechest thereon, the cylinder having a head on one end and an inlet valvebetween the cylinder and the chest, the wall of the cylinder having amain exhaust port and also an auxiliary exhaust port therein extendingto the exhaust valve box, a main exhaust valve and an auxiliary exhaustvalve movable-in the exhaust valve box, an inlet valve movable in thevalve chest, two rods connected tothe main and auxiliary exhaust valves,two rods connected to thel main exhaust nected to the inlet valve andextending through the main f and auxiliary exhaust valves and having aplunger thereon in the path of the shorter cam.

4. An engineincluding a frame having aV plurality of guides, a shaftrotatably mounted in the frame, a disk fixed on the shaft and havingthereon two companion cams and also a relatively shorter cam, theshorter cam being between the planes of movement of the two cams, acrank pin secured to the disk, a cylinder mounted on the lframe andhaving a cylindrical exhaust valve box and also a valve chest thereon,the cylinder having a head on one end provided with a fuel supply boxthat is in communication with the valve chest, thewall of the cylinderhaving a main exhaust port and also an 'auxiliary exhaust port thereinextending to the exhaust valve box, a valvefor opening or closingcommunication between the :fuel supply box and the cylinder, a mainexhaust valve and an auxiliary exhaust valve movmovable in the valvechest, two rods connected `to the main and auxiliary exhaust valves, tworods connected to the main exhausty valve and having 'plungers thereonin able inthe exhaust valve box, an inlet valve the path of thecompanion cams, and a'. rod

ports therein, a valve chest on said head, an'v inlet valve movable inthe valve chest, a

head'movable in the open end portion of the box, two annular exhaustvalves movablel f in the box, rodsconnected to the two exhaust valves,two rods connected to one of the exhaust valves and extending throughthe ymovable head, and a rod connected to the inlet valveand extendingthrough the two K exhaust valves and the movable head.

6. In an engine, the combination of a cylindrical exhaust valve boxhaving anexhaust port in its wall, one endof the box having a headthereon, a ported valve chest on the head having a bore extendingthrough the head, an inlet valve movable in the bore,

an exhaust valve movable in the `box at the exhaust port and having anextension thereon, the valve and the extension having a bore extendingtherethrough, two operating-rods secured to the exhaust valve, and asingle operating-rod vsecuredto the inlet valve and having a pistonthereon that is movable in the bore of the valve chest and the head,`

the, single operating-rod extending between the two operating-rods andhaving a piston thereon that is movable in the bore ofthe exhaust valveand its extension.

v 7 Inv an engine, the combination of a cylindrical exhaust'v'alvc` boxthat is open at one end, the opposite end having a xed head, the wall ofthe box having an outletopening and two exhaust ports therein and a ventat said head, a valve chest on said head having a bore extending throughthe head, an inlet valve movable in the valve chest, a head movable inthe open end portion ofthe box and lhaving a bore therein, anannularexhaust valve movable in the box at one of the two exhaust ports,an auxiliary exhaust valve movable in the box between the remaining'loneof the ports and the vent, said auxiliary valve ha'vingl a bore therein,two'y rods secured g to the annular exhaust valve kand to the auxiliaryvalve, a check valve yguided on the rods toopen or close the opening inthe annular exhaust valve, of the auxiliary valve and also a piston 10two rods secured to the annular valve and movable in the bore of themovable head.

the movable head, and an operating-rod se- In testimony whereof I affixmy signature clulecl to the inlet valve and extending in presence of twoWitnesses.

t Hough the auxiliary valve and the annular valve anol also through thecheck valve and ALEXANDER BURKHARDT' the movable heacl, saicl rodhavingl fixed Witnesses:

thereon a piston movable in the bore of the E. T. SILvIUs,

valve chest and a piston movable in the bore MARIE WUEMING.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

